A Low-Power 24-GHz Frequency Synthesizer for Automotive Radar Application

We proposed a 24-GHz frequency synthesizer (FS) for automotive radar application, which consists of a phaselocked loop (PLL) and an injection-locked frequency multiplier (ILFM). Based on a novel topology, the multiply-by2 ILFM consists of a double-balanced mixer and an injectionlocked oscillator (ILO). The PLL is designed with a 12-GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and an injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) on a stacking topology. The proposed FS is designed and simulated in 130 nm CMOS technology. With a power supply of 1.5 V, it has the power consumption of 9.3 mW and the phase noise of -104 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. Keywords-RF CMOS, injection-locked frequency multiplier (ILFM), Phase-locked Loop (PLL), 24-GHz application, stacking topology